For some, third party reproduction options such as surrogacy, donor egg or donor sperm can allow couples and individuals to overcome their infertility struggles.
Thus, it is possible that sexual reproduction occurring within a clonal population (defined here as self-fertilizing or "selfing") may be an important additional reproductive option for such organisms, particularly since this trait can provide "reproductive assurance" to these populations.
Results from the present experiments may provide valuable prognostic information for this growing human population; such data are pertinent considering that reproduction remains an option for adults in this population.
While highly effective policing may reduce conflict in honey bee colonies by making cooperation, and not selfish reproduction, the best option for honey bee workers, substantial levels of partial ovary development probably signal some level of intracolony conflict.
What you see is a very good reproduction that offers the option to pore over the surface with an adjustable magnifying rectangle.
Slow growth, slow reproduction, lack of dispersal options and low population numbers suggest sensitivity to over-exploitation.
The mixed mating system in R. communis provides alternate options for reproduction, which suggests that pollen flow, and hence gene flow could be extensive among geographically proximal populations.
Mowing turfgrass quite literally cuts off the option of sexual reproduction.
Other researchers have optimized that procedure, suggesting that such repaired zygotes could soon become a more common option in assisted reproduction (Fan et al., 2014).
Altogether, it is realistic to consider successful CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in diploid zygotes followed by normal embryonal and fetal development until term birth will be available in the foreseeable future, as one additional option in assisted reproduction.
