Sexual reproduction (i.e. meiosis and syngamy) is the predominant reproductive mode in eukaryotes, yet parthenogenesis (i.e. asexual reproduction) is present in all major lineages.
Massive sexual reproduction, i.e., conversion of all the vegetative buds to reproductive ones, uses up all of a tree's reserves.
In examples where SREs are explained by adaptive deferral of reproductive effort, the SRE generally takes place either: (1) shortly after primary reproduction (i.e. within 25 days for S. lineatus; Figure 3); or (2) in the next season, as for the pitcher plant Wyeomyia smithii[ 65].
Asexual reproduction (i.e., reproduction not involving the union of gametes), however, occurs only in the invertebrates, in which it is common, occurring in animals as highly evolved as the sea squirts, which are closely related to the vertebrates.
Many produce special stems with turions (leaflike buds) that drop off and spend the winter in the bottom mud as a form of asexual reproduction (i.e. Hydrocharis, Stratiotes, and Elodea).
The origin-of-life problem largely reduces to determination of an organic, nonbiological source of certain processes such as the identity maintained by metabolism, growth, and reproduction (i.e., autopoiesis).
In protists and fungi, uniparental reproduction (i.e., reproduction of a single parent) can occur in the absence of any sexual act, but two-parent sex may prevail seasonally or under other given environmental conditions in many inclusive taxa (such as families, classes, or phyla).
Perform reproduction, i.e., select the best chromosomes with probabilities based upon its fitness function values.
Qualitative aspects of rhythmic reproduction (i.e., speed of execution and temporal ratios between events) varied as a function of the perceptual-motor requirements of the rhythmic reproduction task, with larger reproduction deviations in the walking task.
You've seen the picture in many murky reproductions, I suspect, but you won't have seen it as you can at the Met, even if you have visited the Jefferson Medical College in Philadelphia, which owns it.
While it would be presumptuous to pass final judgement after seeing a few of his paintings, all in the possession of Mr. Nathanson, plus various photographic reproductions, I suspect that Houthuesen will come to be seen as one of the great figures in post-World War II Western art.
