Here, the two function values are the integral of geodesic distance over the polygonal shape [9] and surface curvature, where the integral of geodesic distance represents how much the sample point is far away from the object center.
From the suborbital O 3 containing , we can form the suborbital graph G 3 whose vertices are the elements of Q ˆ and the edges are the pairs ( a, b ) ∈ O 3 , which we denote by a → b and represent as hyperbolic geodesics in ℋ.
The geodesic flow curve represents incremental differences in geometric and statistical properties between the source and target domain spaces.
A geodesic triangle represented by (Delta x,y,z)) in a geodesic space consists of three points x, y, z and the three segments joining each pair of the points.
In order to calculate the winding patterns for non-geodesic filament wound products, the slippage coefficient, which represents the frictional force between the fiber tows and the mandrel surface, was introduced to find the region of possible winding patterns.
More broadly, betweenness centrality represents the frequency with which a particular node is on the geodesic path between any other two nodes in the network [8].
In Beltrami's version, geodesics are represented by straight line segments that are chords of the disc.
From the suborbital O containing we can form the suborbital graph G whose vertices are the elements of Q ˆ and edges are the pairs ∈ O , which we will denote by γ → δ and represent them as hyperbolic geodesics in ℋ.
The fact that MCE is a nonlinear (and curvilinear) extension of MDS represents a point of similarity with Isomap, which in turn is the manifold geodesic extension of MDS.
where V i denotes the number of links from i, Λ i represents the vertex that receives links from i, and q ij is related to the geodesic distance between i and j.
