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We clarify on why diversity represents damage below.
Our additional data provide support for the notion that the rise in the number of detected molecules represents damage, or at least the majority of it.
At the start of a generation, each individual contains a certain amount of damage d, which was conferred to it by its parent, and which represents damage to subcellular structures, for example, oxidized proteins, or accumulated waste products.
Our claim that metabolite diversity represents damage is better supported by the actual data on diversity which we explained in several places below and provided additional evidence for its support in Figure 1B,C.
Third, a striking observation was the elevation of methionine sulfoxide, which represents damage (Orentreich et al., 1993; Ruan et al., 2002; Koc et al., 2004), and taurine, a product of cysteine degradation and a component of bile acids (Massie et al., 1989; Brosnan and Brosnan, 2006), in long-lived but not in control flies (cluster 9, Figure 7D).
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The judgment represents damages from the denial of city water from 1956 to 2004.
Because a small fraction, approximately 6%, represents damaged and nonaminoacylable tRNA, the true fraction of native tRNA represented in the burst amplitude is 0.88 ± 0.01 after normalization.
In these patients, the skin cells had the normal complement of chromosomes, indicating that the chromosome defect did not originate in the parents' germ cells but, rather, represented damage to the blood-forming tissues during the life of the patients.
Various recommended blasting damage zones are considered, and disturbance factors are used to represent damage levels.
It is usually considered to represent damage to the D1 protein within the PSII complex resulting in inactive reaction centres.
However, these changes also represent damage to the overlying muscle which could induce unwanted symptoms after treatments, such as stiffness or weakness [29].
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com