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with (sigma _{N}^{2}) representing the variance of the noise.
More specifically, we assume that an exponential model is adequate for representing the variance of the traffic process under different time scale aggregation.
MPCA computes a linear subspace representing the variance of data due to the variation of each factor as well as the linear subspace of the image space itself.
The variance-covariance matrix had a diagonal structure with off-diagonals of zero, and diagonals representing the variance of the estimate of differential expression within study.
This gives the 'marginal r', which represents the variance explained by the fixed factors, and the 'conditional r', representing the variance of both the random and the fixed factors.
It is assumed that η i ~ N 0, Ω) with Ω defined as the variance covariance matrix in which, each diagonal elements ω q representing the variance of the qth component of the random effect vector ηi.
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(31×2) matrix representing the variances of the measurements of oxygen and carbon dioxide fluxes along the columns at the different measurement time points along the rows, for the medium-scale case study, in Microsoft Office Excel format.
Here, ({sigma _{n}^{2}}) represents the variance of the noise.
(12 where σ 2 represents the variance of Gaussian noise.
Also, where and represent the variance of and, respectively.
14 eigen values represent the variance of the original data contained in the principal components.
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