A reading above 50 indicates the sector is expanding; anything below 50 represents contraction.
Readings below 50 represent contraction, so the slide below that level indicated that manufacturers had seen business slow markedly over the past few months, based on a combination of feeble global demand and tighter conditions at home.
Blue areas represent contraction, and red areas represent expansion.
In particular, to accelerate large scale tensor-formulated high-order finite element method (FEM) simulations, which is the main focus and motivation for this work, we represent contractions as tensor index reordering plus matrix-matrix multiplications (GEMMs).
In the normal model which represents contractions in the control experimental situation, the muscles attached to the ventral tibiotarsus and fibula were active during the flexion contraction while those attached to the capsular condensation are activate in the extension contraction.
Note, we assume that the compliance of the blood vessels is a constant whereas the elastance, representing the contraction of the heart muscle, is a controlled variable that varies in a prescribed manner with time [24].
In the two-mass model, coupling stiffness kc is relative to the tension in the TA muscle, so a high k1 value and a low value for kc represent the contraction of the CT muscle and relaxation of the TA muscle.
A dynamic displacement boundary condition was applied to the ventricular orifice to represent ventricular contraction.
Based on the assumption of muscle volume incompressibility, blue represents tissue contraction and red relaxation.
The 40 % MVC level typically represents a contraction under functional ischaemic conditions.
