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We found that copy-neutral and copy-gain regions accounted for around 75% of all LOH identified (17% represented copy-gain LOH) while LOH associated with copy-reduction occurred at a rate of about 25% (Table 3).
Of these, 40 represented copy variants of TE families identified in several genomes and grouped into 16 larger families while the 29 remaining families were invariant between species (regardless of presence of RIP mutations).
Microsoft's 40 million figure, in contrast, represents copies of Windows that Microsoft sells to all of its customers.
japonica and 290,000 probes representing copies of LTR retrotranposons.
These figures represent copies shipped to PC manufacturers, as well as copies of upgrades and the full packaged product sold to retailers and upgrades ordered through the Windows Vista Express Upgrade program.
Complications may also arise if polymorphisms are discovered through transcriptome analysis, since the transcriptome only represents copies of expressed alleles.
In preclinical studies, each tumor line represents a single patient, whereas individual tumors of the same line represent copies of the same tumor.
Figure 2B shows the results from nine CNV states (as columns), representing copy number 0 through 4, mixed with four different proportions (as rows) of normal cells.
Using a HMM with up to 20 states representing copy numbers from 0 through 7, we developed a novel computational framework (MixHMM) for detecting copy number and allelic imbalance accurately.
For example, ratios of one and two represent copy number two and four respectively.
At the extreme, these duplications may have occurred only in single individuals and so would represent copy-number variation.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com