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Theorem 2 Assume that y 1 and y 2 are two positive solutions of (1) on [ t 0 − r, ∞ ) satisfying (2). Then every solution y of (1) on [ t 0 − r, ∞ ) is represented by formula (3), where t ∈ [ t 0 − r, ∞ ) and a coefficient K ∈ R depends on y. This is the reason for introducing the following definition. Definition 1 [2].
Furthermore, the shape of the curves in that case corresponded to the competitive slow-binding type of inhibition, as represented by formula [ 1].
More complications arise when extending the model represented by formula (14) to include an additive term that describes sources of variation other than ν.
The individual's fitness can be represented by formula (1), where F C, F N, and F S represent codon frequency component, the sum of the lengths of molecules used for assembly, and the number of base assembly protocols, respectively.
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Typically, such formal language will be represented by formulas at the school levels in question.
A quick back-envelope calculation reveals the staggering computing times of (algorithms for) SAT-type problems represented by formulas with as little as, say, 60 variables.
Pairs of substances that had crystal structures that were mirror images of each other but which were otherwise chemically identical were represented by formulae that were themselves mirror images of each other.
In \ \textsf{FOLP}\) proof assertions are represented by formulas of the form \(t_X A\) where \(X\) is a finite set of individual variables that are considered global parameters open for substitution.
If orthogonality conditions (26) are fulfilled, and the parameters α and s satisfy inequality (33), then there exists a unique solution v of problem D1, which can be represented by formulas (28 - 30 28 - 30
The observed expression signal U is a result of summation of the inter-cellular signals X i over a random number of cells ν, thereby defining the basic model structure represented by formulas (1).
Thus, if a compound is represented by the formula AB in which A and B are atoms or groups and water is represented by the formula HOH, the hydrolysis reaction may be represented by the reversible chemical equation AB + HOH ⇌ AH + BOH.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com