Unsupervised, supervised and simple knowledge-based classifications were used in the preliminary stage to develop visual representations of soil-landscape patterns and to plan for field data collection.
Open image in new window Fig. 2 Geographical representation of soil sampled locations.
The long-term simulations demonstrated good representation of soil water content, peak standing crop, and evapotranspiration.
A better understanding of the spatial representation of soil quality and barriers to rice production could serve several purposes.
A 3-D representation of soil was obtained using the quadratic finite-element method, which is generally employed in geological studies and which we adapted especially for the representation of soil horizons.
The TWI parameter in TOPMODEL is essentially a representation of soil moisture connectivity (Beven and Kirkby, 1979; Bracken et al., 2013).
The HAND model has been demonstrated to show a high correlation with the depth of the water table, providing an accurate spatial representation of soil water environments.
While using small size samples for determining shear strength parameters might result in un-conservative design, a large sample size is consequently a more accurate representation of soil strength conditions and field deformations.
The SOCRATES model is a simple process based representation of soil SOC dynamics in terrestrial ecosystems, which requires minimal data inputs and specifically designed to examine the impact of land use and land use change on soil carbon storage.
The representation of permafrost dynamics in ESMs could strongly benefit from an improved representation of soil thermal dynamics, as influenced by water, ice, organic matter and soil texture in the soil profile, and of the surface insulating layer and its modification by snow cover, moss, litter, or wildfires.
