Dexter, who is one of the few disappointments in the book (we never learn more about him than he knows about himself), serves more as idea, or the representation of a problem, than as person.
Open image in new window Fig. 3 Sample solution representation of a problem instance with 16 customers and 8 vehicles.
The usefulness of quantum semantics was shown in [11], and they are particularly useful for ensuring a holistic representation of a problem.
Novice students often generate a naive representation of a problem focusing on its superficial features (called "surface structure" (Chi et al. 1981; Hirashima et al. 1994)).
They cannot generate the representation of a problem based on its structural features (called "physical structure") (Chi et al. 1981; Larkin 1983 , 1985.
While such strategies were somewhat successful (approximately 70% correct) and can provide a preliminary representation of a problem before more abstract concepts are applied, in a number of contexts they can also take more time and be overall less accurate than formal strategies.
It is a transition from an initial inappropriate and thus misleading representation of a problem and state of not knowing how to proceed in solving a problem to a state of knowing how to solve it [8], [9], [10], [21].
They recognise the external representation of a problem, subject the internalised representation to high level cognitive processing, and then externalise the product as a solution [ 119], which (almost as if coincidentally) should coincide with one of the options given.
Others [ 41] have also pointed out that when physicians manage their cases (e.g., diagnosis and treatment), their previous experience allows them to make informed decisions based on heuristics rather than on a sound, complete and reproducible reasoning, such as logical inference based on a predicate calculus representation of a problem.
The baby, who had been brutally bitten, burnt and grievously wounded, became a shameful representation of a growing problem that the country has ignored for years: the neglect and maltreatment of girls, not just by men, but by women as well.
