The representation of scheduled castes in higher-level government jobs has increased nearly eightfold (from 1.64 to 12.5 percent) in the last 45 years, while the proportion of Scheduled Tribes has seen an almost twenty-fold jump, a result of the policy of reservation, The Indian Express reports.
And it may be noted that this, and several such changes about expanding the representation of lower castes and women in the lessons, were actually made by supposed Hindu nationalist organizations!
Representation of all castes and socio-economic groups will be ensured in these group discussions.
They have especially been criticised for focusing too much on women already privileged, and neglecting the needs and representation of poorer or lower caste women.
This is, after all, a country of near-impossible heterogeneity, with 22 official languages, scores of caste groups and representation by virtually every major religion in the world.
The district was selected for its strong community partners (for planning future interventions), its geographic accessibility, and its diverse representation of the nation's castes and ethnicities and major religions, namely, Hinduism, Muslim and Buddhism.
The mathematics of India's fractionalised electoral map means that issues of caste, region, language, profession and social representation usually take precedence over religion.
The major achievements they listed included the strengthening of democratic roots in India despite its diversities, the representation of lower and so-called "backward" castes in Parliament, the emergence of India as major world power and the country's improved health, literacy and per capita income.
While most South Asian literary scholarship has focused on a normative Hindu woman, Intimate Relations couples discussion of the representation of the widow in bhadralok (upper-caste, middle-class) society with that of the courtesan of sharif (upper-class, Muslim, feudal) society in Bengali and Urdu novels from the 1880s to the 1920s.
p-value is in reference to significance of caste bias of singletons in contigs formed using a chi-squared test on singleton representation in each contig.
There has been some relaxation of caste distinction among young urban dwellers and those living abroad, but caste identity has remained strong especially since groups such as the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes have a guaranteed percentage of representation in national and state legislatures.
