Additionally, TATA box and OPN enrichment has been reported in the promoters of duplicated genes [ 44, 73].
All included studies were examined for redundancy (e.g., findings of one study reported in two different reports) and duplicate results were removed.
Exclusion criteria were: 1) studies with duplicate data reported in other studies; 2) studies that were letters, editorials, case reports or case series.
Exclusion criteria were (1) studies with ambiguous diagnostic criteria; (2) studies with duplicate data reported in other studies; and (3) studies that were published as reviews, letters, case reports, editorials, or comments.
Practices could report CARAs when they occurred cross referencing ensured that no duplicates were reported in the quarterly survey.
Overall numit rps13 and nucp rps13 add to the growing number of duplicated genes reported in Arabidopsis thaliana that have experienced divergence in expression patterns.
Articles that addressed only one sex, failed to report findings in a manner that allowed for comparison of women and men, duplicated data reported in another included study, were primarily time-series analyses, were not population-based, or limited outcomes to mental health or an intermediate risk factor such as obesity or smoking were excluded, while review articles were included.
In view of this, we did not attempt to duplicate all assays reported in previous publications.
However, conflicts in positioning of 18 markers into more than one contig (for example, marker Lu361 mapping to four different contigs), could represent either paralogous copies of genes or duplicated segments as reported in soybean [ 21].
Although biased deletion of duplicated genes is reported in the literature as part of the diploidization process, defining dominant and sensitive chromosomal blocks (for review, Salse 2012 and Freeling et al. 2012), we describe here the differential evolution of dominant and sensitive blocks derived from ancient and recent polyploidies during grass paleohistory.
