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Nitric oxide (NO) synthesized by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) can function as an antimicrobial agent able to kill or reduce replication of microorganisms, and plays an important role in immune regulation.
Corneal trauma disrupts the protective mechanism of the corneal epithelium, facilitating bacterial adhesion and accelerating penetration and replication of microorganisms [ 12, 13].
The exponential replication of microorganisms results in thermal changes over time that can be documented in real-time (i.e. heat power-time curve) by calorimetry.
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We conclude that any region experiencing temperatures > −25 °C for a few hours a year and a water activity > 0.5 can potentially allow the replication of terrestrial microorganisms.
Riboflavin has been used for inactivation of pathogens in blood products [ 18], due to its ability to induce strand cleavage of DNA and RNA, thus interfering with the replication of pathogenic microorganisms [ 19, 20].
We note, however, that the two mechanisms are not mutually exclusive and might, in fact, act in synergy: relaxed immune control might allow the replication of the microorganisms to higher levels, which might then turn on virulence mechanisms by quorum sensing [ 29, 36].
They inhibit the enzyme topoisomerase II, a DNA gyrase that is necessary for the replication of the microorganism.
If host defenses are intact, agents that interfere with growth or replication of the microorganism but do not kill it (i.e., bacteriostatic agents) may suffice [ 1– 3].
However dam-methyltransferase required for the methylation of GATC sites is absent in M. gallisepticum, the discrimination of the chains may be due to the interaction of the repair complex with the B-subunit of DNA polymerase III in replication - such a mechanism was previously shown for a number of microorganisms (Gram-positive bacteria) [ 1].
Point mutations appear at an average rate of 0.0033 nucleotide change per genome per DNA replication in microorganisms.
His lab has invented techniques that rewrite the metabolisms of microorganisms.
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com