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While we did not evaluate viral sequences for replication competency, lethally hypermutated viral genomes were linked to three integration sites (Fig. 2).
Because of the various properties of each viral vector, the definition of their application range depends on factors such as packaging capacity, host range, cell- or tissue-specific targeting, replication competency, genome integration and duration of transgene expression.
Second, the replication competency of MVTT-S may have growth advantage in mucosal tissues in providing continuous immune stimulation.
In agreement, improved cross-presentation to vaccinia-specific CD8 T cells is also observed when replication competency in human cells is restored in the NYVAC vector background.
NYVAC was derived from Copenhagen strain by the precise deletion of 18 open reading frames encoding functions involved in the pathogenicity of the virus as well as in host-range regulatory functions governing the replication competency of the virus on cells derived from certain species, including human and mouse [17].
This stemmed from early trials but recent experience with more modern vector constructs have shown no evidence of replication competency in vectors designed to be replication incompetent, with no positive replication competency results in samples of retrovirus or lentivirus vector lots that were used for clinical studies in the past 10 years (Table 3).
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Viral replication-competency was also assessed.
It therefore seems reasonable to suggest that the extent of replication-competency testing currently required in some jurisdictions could be reduced.
Another area of recent focus is the ongoing requirement in some jurisdictions for extensive and repeated viral-vector replication-competency testing.
5, 6, 7 In contrast, the compact nature of the HBV genome and the presence of genomic cis‐acting elements make it difficult to introduce a foreign gene without losing competency and replication efficiency.
Despite these divergent requirements to achieve replication- and mitotic-competency, maternal and paternal genomes synchronously enter the first mitosis.
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