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To ensure that each replicated alignment had the same exact rate distribution but not the same amino acid or DNA sequence, replicates were created such that each replicate contained 60 invariant sites and 24 sites for each of the 10 rate categories if rate heterogeneity was specified.
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These findings were also replicated using alignment measures to correct for the potential size difference of the visual cortex of the blind.
What archaeologists discovered at the last occurrence of this event — in the mid-1980's — was that if you stood atop the Chacoan Great House at Chimney Rock (or as we did, on the modern fire watchtower that stands in front of the Great House and replicates its alignment), you saw the northernmost moonrise directly between the sandstone spires.
For both the nonparametric and parametric approaches, sequence alignments of different lengths between 102 and 106 nucleotides were generated, with 100 replicate alignments per alignment length.
We generated 100 replicate alignments of each of the protein models available in Seq-Gen consisting of 100, 500, and 1000 characters in length.
For generic-level analyses, we generated ten replicate alignments by randomly selecting one DNA sequence per gene per genus, removing genera represented by only one gene.
We also reduced the empty cells in our matrix by combining data within genera, such that each genus was represented by one randomly-selected species per gene (an average of 77% missing over 10 replicate alignments, partial tree-wise decisiveness 0.987).
Confidence of the nodes of the tree was tested by first building 1000 bootstrap pseudo-replicate alignments using the BOOTSTRAP program implemented in the PHYLIP package v3.67 (J. Felsenstein, U. Washington, freely available at http://evolution.genetics.washington.edu/phylip/getme.html).html
In order to investigate the possible effect of varying ASRV parameters, we generated a number of different simulated datasets (100 replicate alignments per model) with a fixed sequence length of 500 characters and varied the α parameter of the gamma ASRV between 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 (corresponding to high, medium, and low rate heterogeneity).
More importantly, phylogenetic analyses using a CENP-M/Rab1 structure-based sequence alignment replicated the distribution of Ras sub-families previously described using a different template alignment (Rojas et al., 2012).
Normal lordotic alignment was replicated by insertion of a fibular allograft 2 mm taller than the interbody space.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com