Sentence examples for replicate mutation from inspiring English sources

Because the number of observed base-pair substitutions is low (163), we bolstered this data with a replicate mutation accumulation experiment through 200 generations (A. Gammie, unpublished data).

Using detailed fitness measurements and whole genome resequencing, we studied the evolutionary dynamics of eight replicate mutation accumulation lines of a hypermutator strain of the pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Eight replicate mutation accumulation lines were generated by streaking randomly selected colonies of PAO1ΔmutS onto individual M9KB agar plates (glycerol, 10 g/liter; peptone, 20 g/liter; M9 salts, 10.5 g/liter; agar, 12 g/liter; and MgSO4, 2 mL/liter).

Each time a host replicates, mutations leading to small changes in the suicide propensity of the daughter cell can take place with probability μ.

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules may replicate, mutate, and then replicate their mutations in test tubes, although by themselves they are not alive.

Indeed, RNA viruses replicate with mutation rates in the range of 10-3 to 10-5 substitutions per nucleotide copied [ 2, 3].

Each parent was replicated with mutation until the population size of 1000 was full.

Each time the virus replicates, new mutations appear.

Finally, the key challenges and methodological issues associated with replicating gene mutations of identified schizophrenia risk genes in rodents are discussed.

The results of these simulations are presented in figure 3. Simulations were again replicated disallowing mutations.

Replicating genetic mutations in classic model systems has been a powerful approach in illuminating the pathogenic mechanisms.