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The calculation for a silhouette score is shown in equation (1):
In this study, we describe how the optimal number of replicate measures (technical replicates) for each biological sample (biological replicate) can be determined.
For total Hg and organic Hg, the relative standard deviation (RSD) was lower than 10% for all replicate measures.
For a test that is longer than one item, replicate measures (albeit crude measures) of X i are available.
Typically, errors-in-variables models cannot be identified unless there is additional data in one of three areas: (1) replicate measures of X i, the observed test score, (2) distribution information on θ i, the unknown true score, or (3) distributional or moment restrictions on the error distribution (Stefanski [2000]).
As we have noted, the MESE approach uses this same logic, but we are working with a case in which a typically larger number of replicate measures (generally "item responses") are available, and those measures take a form that is appropriately handled by an embedded IRT model.
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To test the reproducibility of the observed shifts, we performed a biological replicate measuring the replication profiles of 19 LtoE-shifted and 18 control (i.e., showing no shift in replication timing) contigs, using specific primer pairs in Q-PCR assays.
A replicate measure is not to be confused with a repeated measure, where multiple measurements are taken on the same experimental unit.
Thus each array represents a biological replicate measure of RNA from an HVC or Shelf sample compared to the reference.
Alternatively, images captured by the Pathfinder™ system were exported and processed by a software developed at Ecole des Mines de Paris, Centre de Morphologie Mathématique to allow the plotting of the distribution of cell populations aggregated by replicate measure points.
The size and number of identified regions of the parameter space producing model outputs that replicate measured data give an indication of the uniqueness of the parameter estimates.
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