Many of these biodiversity experiments feature replicated manipulations of more than one aspect of biodiversity raising the issue of how best to compare their relative importance.
In this way, a two-factor design is created, with replicated manipulations.
When mice were schedule fed on HFD for 2 h a day in the middle of the dark phase to replicate the manipulation described by Berner et al.
We show an age-associated increase in midgut Indy mRNA levels that can be replicated by manipulations that accelerate aging such as increasing the caloric content of food or exposing flies to paraquat.
Taken together, these approaches provide neuroscientists with a robust statistical toolbox containing elements that alleviate some of the analytical constraints generated by limited sample sizes, repeated subject use, and incomplete replicates of experimental manipulation.
In a split-plot design, blocks were divided in half, with one half designated for rainfall manipulation (one replicate of each planting treatment was randomly located within each half-block).
Initially, we tested whether this manipulation could replicate the effect of pharmacogenetic silencing of SF1+ neurons to reduce predator responses (Silva et al., 2013), using a live rat as a stimulus (Yang et al., 2004; Blanchard et al., 2005).
Thus, replicating this brood size manipulation in years with contrasting environmental conditions is needed to investigate the importance of cohort and treatment effects on variation in offspring telomere length at fledging.
This property allows for precise identification and manipulation of replication origins, also known as autonomously replicating sequences (ARSs).
There has been increasing concern among governments and regulators that the problems exposed by the Libor rates scandal – where financial markets were shown to be open to manipulation – could be replicated in commodities trading.
