The success of the Chinese economy arises from a gradual replacement of position-based rights with property-based rights that has triggered this reallocation of entrepreneurial talent.
The final piece of the puzzle was the replacement of the position of special master, who had limited authority to settle disputes, with the new panel, which is made up of three well-respected public policy activists and academics.
As with the growth in job precariousness and casualization — the replacement of permanent positions with part-time or temporary contracts — it's a complex story about the structural defects of modern capitalism and the uneven allocation of power and resources that follow.
However, it has been demonstrated in a heterologous cell system that it is the replacement of a positive residue at position 77, rather than the introduction of a cysteine, that causes retention of the mutant protein (Ref. 12).
The most commonly occurring nucleotide mutations were the replacement of adenine at position 342 by guanine (A342G) and cytosine at position 46 by adenine (C46A); these were present in 96.4 % (53/55) and 98%% (54/55) of the isolates, respectively.
Mutations of isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 gene (IDH1), most commonly resulting in replacement of arginine at position 132 by histidine (R132H), have been described in World Health Organization grade II and III diffuse gliomas and secondary glioblastoma.
Amongst the nonsynonymous SNPs, the T-to-C transition in exon 5 (rs1050501), which leads to a replacement of isoleucine at position 232 by threonine (FcγRIIB-I232T variant), occurs at a notable frequency and is associated with autoimmune disease.
Similarly, the replacement of Leu at position 97 with Ala also led to a catastrophic reduction of thermal hysteresis.
The replacement of Met at position 4 is expected to improve stability of AL324, indicating a significantly destabilizing mutation at one or more other positions.
The most prevalent single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) for human MnSOD leads to the replacement of valine at position 16 in the human enzyme to alanine.
However, only 2 distinct escape mutants emerged, 1 with a replacement of Pro at position 10 by Leu (P10L) and the other with a replacement of the same Pro by His (P10H) (28).
