Electricity would have to replace natural gas for home and commercial heating.
According to the E.P.A., heat islands form as cities replace natural land cover with pavement and buildings.
But if shale gas starts to replace natural gas in Europe, all these plans could go up in smoke.
The seaweed could be harvested and processed to generate methane for electricity production or to replace natural gas, and the remaining nutrients recycled.
Other synthetics have been developed and could, in theory, replace natural LAL entirely; for now, industry inertia and the cost of getting F.D.A. approval remain in the way.
Johnson & Johnson moved closer to winning the first Food and Drug Administration approval of an artificial spinal disk, a device intended to replace natural cushioning between vertebrae.
Decisive advances in adhesives technology, however, awaited the 20th century, during which time natural adhesives were improved and many synthetics came out of the laboratory to replace natural adhesives in the marketplace.
All this is meant to supplement, not replace, natural breeding, explained Dr. Dennis Schmitt, an associate professor of veterinary medicine at Southwest Missouri State University, who attended the births of Amali and 13 other elephants since 1985 and who developed many of the techniques used in the artificial inseminations.
Sitting at his computer, Janeschitz made his case for fusion: "In the next several decades, we have to replace oil, and in the next century we have to replace natural gas and these two, taken together, represent sixty per cent of the total energy use of every country today.
Sitting at his computer, Janeschitz made his case for fusion: "In the next several decades, we have to replace oil, and in the next century we have to replace natural gas — and these two, taken together, represent sixty per cent of the total energy use of every country today.
