However, this study only used a single injection and not repeated tender-point injections as the present and the pain reducing effect was only assessed during 30 min.
Thus, there is a need to further investigate if repeated tender-point injections of 5-HT3-receptor antagonists might have a pain reducing effect in generalized pain conditions such as fibromyalgia.
Repeated intramuscular tender-point injections with granisetron provide a new pharmacological treatment possibility for myofascial pain patients with repeated intramuscular tender-point injections with the serotonin type 3 antagonist granisetron.
The study of Christidis et al. showed that other injection therapy is effective in muscle-related headaches e.g. repeated intramuscular tender-point injections with the serotonin type 3 antagonist granisetron are useful in myofascial temporomandibular disorders management [48].
It was shown that, compared to control, repeated intramuscular tender-point injections with granisetron into jaw muscles of patients with M-TMD had a clinically significant effect on pain intensity and pain area.
The aim of this study was to investigate if repeated intramuscular tender-point injections of the 5-HT3-antagonist granisetron alleviate pain in patients with myofascial temporomandibular disorders (M-TMD).
Consequently, this study was designed to investigate if local treatment with repeated intramuscular tender-point injections of granisetron could be effective in alleviating pain in patients with chronic M-TMD.
Median (IQR) differences in scores for depression (a) and nonspecific physical symptoms (NSPhS) (b) in 40 patients with myofascial temporomandibular disorders before (baseline) and after repeated intramuscular tender-point injections with granisetron (GRA-group) or control substance (isotonic saline; CTR-group).
Several investigations have reported high reliability coefficients (range: 0.71 0.97) for 2 to 5 repeated PPT algometry trials over tender spots in various muscle groups [ 19, 22, 23].
What many viewers are likely to take away from "Fire in Babylon" is the detailed discussion of "fast bowling" and the repeated images of batsmen crumpling to the ground, clutching various tender parts of their anatomies.
These repeated treatments are necessary, because only adult boll weevils feed on tender cotton terminals, on pollen from flower buds and on fruits.
