Sentence examples for repeated substitution from inspiring English sources

These observations raise concerns for immunogenicity differences, particularly in (repeated) substitution settings.

We need to recognize regrettable substitution for what it is: repeated substitution of toxic chemicals with equally toxic chemicals in a dangerous experiment to which none of us knowingly signed on.

The strategy has the virtue of avoiding the cumbersome repeated substitution of one term for the other in or across discussions where both are used.

Essentially, if most sites undergo repeated substitutions among two or three amino-acids, then the true probability for a site to display the same state independently in two non-related species is only about one-third to one-half.

Considering the statistically unreliable estimation of synonymous or nonsynonymous substitution distance when K S or K A becomes larger because of repeated substitutions at the same site, we selected duplicate pairs with K S  < 2.0 and K A  < 0.5 for this analysis.

A striking feature that one readily observes when working with protein alignments is the biochemical specificity observed at each site: in spite of the fact that there are 20 amino acids, only 2 to 4 distinct residues are typically observed at a given variable column, suggesting that most positions undergo repeated substitutions among a very restricted subset of the amino-acid alphabet [ 37, 38].

Consistent overrepresentation of radical amino acid changes (i.e., categories 7 and 8) would suggest repeated adaptive substitution [ 51].

When we consider the fact that the above equation will also be realized for new contracts in future periods and repeat substitution over the multiple periods, V U can be calculated.

We then measured the correlation of ancestral repeat substitution rates for orthologous loci in the three lineages.

To further test the robustness of the results, we analyzed the correlation of ancestral repeat substitution rates in the laurasiatheria lineage vs. the independent afrotheria lineage (represented by tenrec and elephant).

It uses many different parameters such as repeat-duplication, repeat-excision and repeat-substitution, but also base-insertion and base-deletion events were used to calculate the relatedness of different SpaTypes.