The repeatability of estimated allele frequency in our dataset was determined using a linear mixed model implemented in the R package MCMCglmm [ 44] with locus included as a random effect, where repeatability was calculated as the proportion of the total variance explained by all loci.
For most species we found information of level of brood reduction for more than one population and/or study year (see File S1), which allowed us to estimate repeatability of our estimates for a species.
Importantly, by including more than one country in different geographic regions would allow us to estimate repeatability of estimations for the same regions (see below).
Repeatability of FPKM estimates for same-sex replicate pools was also estimated with Spearman's ρ, an estimate of rank order correlation, and replicates showed high similarity for both male (Spearman's ρ = 0.906; P < 2.2 × 10−) and female (Spearman's ρ = 0.928; P < 2.2 × 10−) pools.
The across-study repeatability of sleeping time estimates using these criteria was high (0.82, F15,24 = 12.67, [ 53]; data are from a larger sleep dataset [see Additional File 1]), indicating that studies using our data selection criteria recorded very similar sleep durations for a given species.
Reproducibility tests showed a good repeatability of recorded and estimated parameters with a mean dispersion less than 5%; it was noticed that a re-heating of the cooled part due to its microstructure transformation occurring systematically at 400 °C.
FA showed large variability in terms of repeatability estimates, which ranged between 14.1% for C18 3 and 57.3% for C4.
Heritability estimates were about 40% of repeatability estimates (Table 2).
Two different observers independently inspected a subsample of the dawn choruses of the same males from 2008 with the aim of estimating repeatability of the assessment of repertoire size using analysis of variance [34].
