Enzymes and DNA binding proteins involved in DNA damage responses, DNA repair and replication in mammalian cells.
DNA ligase is an enzyme important for DNA repair and replication.
Repetitive DNA sequences are hotspots for genome instability because they pose a particular challenge to the DNA repair and replication machineries.
Here, we show that PARI, a replisome protein involved in regulating DNA repair and replication stress, suppresses differentiation of myeloid leukemia cells.
The 3D folding of the genome is linked to essential nuclear processes including gene expression, DNA repair, and replication.
Among them we found RAD27 and subsequently DNA2 which encode for proteins involved in DNA repair and replication.
Automodifcation in cis explains the subsequent release of monomeric PARP-1 from DNA, allowing repair and replication to proceed.
As many of these repair processes are associated with cancer predisposition, investigators of DNA repair and replication have a strong interest in cancer biology as well.
In the Shuttle experiment, researchers showed no effect of microgravity on either the biochemical reactions involved in DNA damage repair by T4 ligase43 or on the repair and replication carried out by Taq polymerase and Polymerase III in response to chemically induced DNA damage.44 Beyond these in vitro enzymatic studies, experiments involving bacteria and yeast have provided additional results.
Intriguingly, human ALT cells, which appear to maintain telomeres by a non-telomerase mechanism, contain a novel variant of promyelocytic leukemia (PML) bodies that is composed of telomeric DNA, as well as telomere binding proteins and proteins involved in DNA repair and replication (including Rad51p and Rad52p) (Yeager et al., 1999).
Noncanonical G-C+ and A-T Hoogsteen base pairs can form in duplex DNA and play roles in recognition, damage repair, and replication.
