Footprint analysis using the spatial predictors from remote sensing and topography can give confidence that sample locations represent broader area site conditions.
At a cellular level, it is well established that extracellular stiffness, topography, and remote magnetic actuation are instructive mechanical signals for stem cell differentiation.
Progress in dynamic vegetation observations and modeling in North Eurasia has become more visible with the recent availability of high-resolution remote sensing data on topography, plant phenology, biomass, and soil wetness (Kharuk et al. 2017; Tchebakova et al. 2016, 2016).
Footprint analysis was used with remote sensing, soils and topography data to evaluate how well the inventory plots represented the range of stand conditions within the area of the flux-tower footprint and to spatially scale the plot data to the area of the EC-flux and model based estimates.
Following this approach, predictor variables from GIS, topography, and remote sensing data were used to impute measurements from the inventory ground plots across the forest site based on the three-most-similar-neighbours (K-MSN with K = 3) (Crookston and Finley 2008) using the Mahalanobis distance as a measure of similarity (Mahalanobis 1936).
Working from a combination of aerial photography and remembered historical lore, Reynolds uses various means to not only portray but also evoke the atmosphere and topography of these remote, war-ravaged islands.
A comprehensive set of modern remote sensing data (LROC imagery, LOLA topography, M3 and Clementine spectral data) has been integrated to provide high-resolution coverage of the traverses and to facilitate identification of specific sample localities.
Mapping combines field survey and remote sensing data to reconstruct the topography of the last pediplain that formed over West Africa in the Early and Mid-Miocene (24 11 Ma).
The road narrows from four lanes to two and crosses remote terrain characterized by Basin and Range topography.
It can be challenging to accurately determine the topography of physically complex landscapes in remote areas.
