HOTAIR is the first lncRNA that has been found to function in trans to regulate remote gene expression; it is co-expressed with the HoxC genes on chromosome 12 and down-regulates HoxD genes on chromosome 2 in particular tissues in human [ 16].
Understanding how local and remote gene expression profiles change following TBI, when compared to non-injured brain, will provide valuable insight into delayed neuronal injury mechanisms as well as intrinsic neuroprotective processes.
There were no differences in the inflammatory response in the infarct/border area 24 h or 4 weeks after the MI, but in the remote myocardium expression of CD68 (macrophages) was significantly higher in TG rats 4 weeks after the MI (2.8 fold upregulation, P = 0.0003).
The authors also demonstrate that Enpp1 can act in areas that are remote from its expression site and that ectopic mineralization of soft tissue results in the accumulation of cells displaying osteoclastic features, suggesting that osteoclasts might promote regression at these sites.
In the patient subgroup for whom language samples were available for transcription and analysis at the moderate Alzheimer's disease stage, and their matched controls, patients performed at significantly lower levels at all clinical stages on the Mini-Mental State Examination, CAMCOG total, orientation, expression, remote and recent memory (Table 2).
Expression in remote myocardium is set at one, and expression in infarcted tissue is calculated as a proportion of the expression in corresponding remote myocardium.
The muscle as reference tissue because it has now HIP/PAP expression, while the possibility of HIP/PAP expression in remote regions of "normal" pancreas could not be excluded a priori.
But he probably regarded the possibility of native Africans becoming "civilized" as so remote that the two expressions, in his mind, came to the same thing.
During synchronization, the version of the latest databank release is extracted from the remote server using regular expressions on a specified remote file or through interrogation of the remote file's timestamp.
Hormone receptors have been engineered to selectively respond to synthetic ligands and used as remote regulators of gene expression for the study of gene function and as potential regulators of gene therapies.
