By contrast, both oil trucks would make the GPI go down: remediation spending would be counted as a negative, and so would the cost to society of emissions from heating with oil and the costs of any long-term damage to aquifers and streams.
Symantec, a large security-software provider famous for its Norton Antivirus products, estimates that global cyber-crime costs victims $110 billion a year in remediation and lost business as well as ransom payments.
Moreover, the cost of remediation could be huge, and must be negotiated between several states and the federal government.Sedimentary, my dear WatsonOf course, all this assumes that a good solution to the problem exists and in reality, most experts agree, there is none.
Scott Charney at Microsoft says that when an attack occurs, one of the things the team has to decide is whether to give priority to remediation or to investigation.
This trend promises to reduce productivity and promote inequality in the America of tomorrow.Mr Heckman has also shown that that earlier one introduces remediation measures, the more effective those measures are.
This trend promises to reduce productivity and promote inequality in the America of tomorrow.Mr Heckman tends to focus his policy solutions on the very young where, he has argued, remediation efforts bear the most fruit.
At the same time, it's possible that the relative lack of success of remediation efforts later on in a student's career is directly related to the above state of affairs.There is a wage premium earned by high school graduates relative to non-graduates, but its pretty small much smaller (PDF) than the gap between high school graduates and those with college degrees.
Most of the work, the cost of which is thought to have been around €100m, involved soil-vapour extraction, venting and spurging, techniques that removed harmful gases and injected air to oxygenate the soil and underground water sources.Few regeneration projects in England escape the problem of soil remediation.
Kurita Water Industries, one of Japan's leading environmental-engineering firms, started building its soil remediation skills over a decade ago.
"Y2K remediation efforts were simply one part and a small part at that—of doing business in today's high-tech world," says Robert Hartwig at the Insurance Information Institute in New York.Mr Hartwig categorically denies that companies were covered for Y2K costs by property insurance.
Similar rules exist in America, Singapore and other European countries.An exhaustive, one-time process known as "remediation", in which institutions painstakingly go through their databases of existing customers to verify personal information and check names against sanctions lists, can cost a large multinational bank between £20m and £30m, KPMG estimates.
