Satisfaction with labour pain relief; memory of labour pain; psychological morbidity/wellbeing; satisfaction with life, and expectation and experience of anxiety and fear.
We also monitored the following outcomes: mode of delivery, other forms of pain relief, augmentation of labour, duration of labour, perineal trauma, newborn Apgar score, umbilical cord pH and Base Excess, and transfer of the infant to neonatal clinic.
Overall higher proportions of women in both groups intended to use non-pharmacological methods of pain relief for labour than pharmacological methods.
The secondary hypotheses of the study are: Use of the Pain Relief for Labour Decision Aid by women expecting their first baby will not influence: 1.
We aim to evaluate the effectiveness of a Pain Relief for Labour decision aid, with and without an audio-component, compared to a pamphlet in a three-arm randomised controlled trial.
The primary study hypotheses are: Use of the Pain Relief for Labour Decision Aid by women expecting their first baby: 1. Reduces decisional conflict (uncertainty about the course of action) 2. Increases knowledge of labour analgesia 3. Increases satisfaction with their decision making 4. Reduces anxiety.
To compare the relative effectiveness of the Pain Relief for Labour Decision Aid with a pamphlet on women's decisional conflict, knowledge, expectations, satisfaction with decision making and anxiety, and examine its impact on service utilisation and perinatal outcomes (as secondary outcomes).
Women in practices with higher intrapartum referral rates received more often pharmacological pain relief and augmentation of labour.
But it was Tunstall [ 9], who in 1961 introduced a stable mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen in equal proportions in a single cylinder for the relief of pain during labour, who is credited with legitimizing the use of nitrous oxide outside the operating theatre.
Initial post-election focus groups by Ms Mattinson, founding director of the Britainthinks consultancy, uncovered a feeling of relief among Labour voters than the party had not won.
