The stored serotonin pool in pregnant islets and PL-treated MIN6 cells was rapidly released (turnover once every 2 h).
This is evidence to support the first explanation and hence we interpret DIMM-dependent changes as not simply the prevention of neuropeptide release or turnover.
However, the functional meaning of the tissue concentration of norepinephrine is not clear, since the adrenergic activation may be more dependent on the release and turnover of norepinephrine as well as on the postsynaptic receptors than on the total amount of norepinephrine in the heart.
Cannabinoids participate in the regulation of dopamine synthesis, release and turnover [ 26].
One possibility is that M-ficolin/ficolin-B are secreted only upon activation of producing leukocytes, leading to highly localized and/or rapid release and turnover.
A sharper picture of the biology and kinetics of ctDNA release and turnover should expand the utility of circulating nucleic acids as tumor markers.
BPA, a component in polycarbonate plastics, has been shown to reduce dopamine synthesis, release, and turnover, as well as dopamine transporter expression, in rodents [reviewed by Jones and Miller (2008)], but only a few studies have evaluated the effects of developmental exposure on cognitive function and none to date has employed tests relevant to ADHD.
There is considerable overlap in substrate specificities, and the MMPs appear to be involved in degradation of abundant ECM components, including laminins, collagens and fibronectin, but also in the release and turnover of cytokines and cell surface receptors of adjacent cells [ 8].
To exclude non-specific binding or uptake (which does not contribute to release after vesicular turnover), non-specific uptake was determined in the presence of 10 μM desipramine and subtracted from total uptake.
Although the critical roles of IFT in flagellar assembly have been well established, little is known about the regulation of IFT, such as the loading of flagellar precursors at the flagellar base and the release of the turnover products at the flagellar tip.
