Hh ligand binds to Patched (Ptch) receptor, releasing the repressive activity of Ptch on Smoothened (Smo) and, thereby, allowing Smo to initiate intracellular signalling.
In summary, these results indicate that, under normal (healthy) conditions, parkin ubiquitylates PARIS, leading to its proteasomal degradation, which in turn releases the repressive effect of PARIS on PGC-1α expression, enabling mitochondrial biogenesis (Fig. 1A).
The higher expression level in oxidative muscle and its repressive effect on PGC-1α promoter activity has puzzled us until we found that exercise can release the repression, especially in soleus muscle.
Low temperatures had a significant repressive effect on the transcription of GA signaling components, although exogenous hormone application released the repression of GID1 and SPT homologs (Fig. 6).
Nevertheless, knockdown of LATS2 can increase the efficiency of the formation of human iPS, most likely by releasing the normal repressive function of LATS2 as TAZ antagonist [ 79].
EZH2 attenuation causes the release of the repressive loop and upregulation of INK4a and INK4b.
Following hSNF5 expression, SWI/SNF is able to remove PRCs from INK4a and INK4b, causing the release of the repressive chromatin loop and gene expression.
3C-qPCR analyses revealed that a loss of EZH2 also results in the release of the repressive chromatin loop that links INK4a and INK4b.
This duly leads to a release of the repressive loop and gene activation, again suggesting that PRC-binding is required for looping.
One year earlier, the death of Generalissimo Franco had released the country from a repressive dictatorship.
