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Indeed, several studies have reported that in various types of mammalian cells, the activation of a plasma membrane Cl− channel is an early prerequisite to apoptotic events including cell shrinkage (termed AVD for apoptotic volume decrease), cytochrome c release, the activation of proteases (including caspases) and nucleases and, ultimately, cell death [38], [39].
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Recently, platelets have been recognized to store substantial amounts of CXCL12 in their alpha-granules and release the chemokine upon activation.
This leads to an accumulation of dislocations at the TBs, raising the local strain energy, which, in turn, is released by the activation of secondary twins by partial dislocation emissions from the other side of the TB.
In their model, the enhancer stimulates the hub to release the proteins responsible for gene activation.
The large heavily glycosylated B-domain, spanning amino acids 710-1545, was previously reported not to be essential for the cofactor activity of the FV glycoprotein as it is released during the activation of FV [ 50, 51].
The carbon formed was subsequently gasified by the lattice oxygen released from the activation of the CO2 by the support site.
Researchers knew that this duo is often released after the activation of so-called NOD-like receptors.
Both proteins are specifically released during the activation of phagocytes, and have an important role in the pathogenesis of sepsis.
A second study quantified the concentration in blood of platelet-derived microparticles that are released during the activation of platelets.
Eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) is a potent granular cytotoxic heme-protein released during the activation of eosinophils [ 10- 12].
The FITC-conjugated monoclonal cleaved caspase-3 (antibodyantibody (#9661; Cell Signaling Technology) detects endogenous levels of the large fragment (17/19 kDa), released after the activation of caspase-3.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com