This force may be utilized for a simple release of seeds, their catapultion, and for pushing seeds along the soil to a germination locus.
Hence, considerable variation in the level of delayed release of seeds could exist among understory vegetation in semi-arid African savannas that might contribute to the composition of soil seed banks inside tree canopies than outside tree canopies.
Moreover, persistent soil seed banks under tree canopies can be formed when matured seeds are retained in the soil due to delayed release of seeds, which is a typical feature of semi-arid tropical environments (Tapias et al. 2001; Goubitz et al. 2004).
The herbicide is used as a "dessicant"; by killing the wheat plants, it causes the release of seeds, thus making harvesting more efficient.
Dormancy release of seeds is accompanied by ATP accumulation, respiration and other metabolic processes related to energy production [ 35- 37].
Much effort has been invested in trying to enhance B. japonica stocks, including seed production using adult B. japonica reared at a hatchery and consecutive release of seeds or juveniles into the sea.
We designed the present study to examine the interactive effects of timing of dormancy release of seeds with low and high atmospheric CO2 on biomass, reproduction, and phenology in ragweed plants (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L ., which produce highly allergenic pollen.
Introduction of adult B. japonica from Niigata Prefecture since 1992 to compensate for insufficient offspring also resulted in failure for the release of seeds and juveniles into the sea because of their high mortality at the hatchery before the release (Horiguchi 1998).
Intense fires cause the immediate release of the seed and seed separator, but after cooler fires the seed separator often remains in place, blocking the follicle exit and preventing seed release.
The global model further generates randomly occurring poliovirus reintroduction events from different sources after OPV cessation [ 7], including iVDPVs [ 13] and releases of seed strains from IPV production sites.
