Sentence examples for relaxation surface from inspiring English sources

Surface morphology transitions under annealing in the conditions of dewetting provide the benefit in the total energy owing to the strain relaxation, surface and interface energy minimization, intermixing, and structural defect optimization.

Based on Density Functional Theory (DFT), using first-principles pseudopotential plane wave method, surface relaxation, surface energy and Density of states (DOS) of metal W on low index surfaces (001), (110) and (111) were calculated.

The simulation results show that the coupling of elastic energy relaxation, surface energy anisotropy and elastic anisotropy strongly influences the surface roughening morphology, self-assembly and shape transition of epitaxial islands, resulting in diverse evolution pathways.

The formation mechanism is proposed based on strain energy relaxation and surface energy minimization.

During the 14 days of relaxation, the surface chemical composition changes significantly.

The curly arrows indicate the Si migration directions induced by strain energy relaxation or surface energy minimization.

The formation of the nanopits is discussed based on the strain energy relaxation and surface energy minimization.

The excited electrons will undergo either radiative recombination, generating light emission, or relaxation to surface defect states.

Strain energy relaxation and surface energy minimization are considered as the two dominating factors for the nanopit formation.

The strain relaxation and surface morphology are strongly dependent on the thickness of each step-graded buffer layer.

The third (lowest frequency, around 0.5 Hz) semicircle is due to the relaxation of surface oxygen species.