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Using this result, we show that increasing the variance in migration rates reduces the impact of migration relative to selection.
Individuals showed notable behavioral differences, including diurnal variation, relative to selection for security cover and elevation depending on whether they were in developed versus undeveloped areas (Figure 6).
We extend this result to cases with selection, and show that increasing the symmetrical variation in immigration rates reduces the evolutionary impact of migration relative to selection.
A negative relation between
In small populations, genetic drift is strong relative to selection, so the evolutionary dynamics proceeds by sequential fixation.
We used Γ = 0.2 and 0.5 corresponding to moderate and more rapid diffusion relative to selection, respectively.
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While population bottlenecks are predicted to result in a loss of variability, balancing selection may counteract the effects of drift unless the effective population size becomes so low relative to the selection coefficient that genes under balancing selection behave in a neutral manner [ 10, 11].
How strong are the selection pressures induced by a recreational angling fishery relative to natural selection pressures?
Relative to harvest selection, gillnet disentanglement had a distinct selective pressure.
This test confirms the findings of the REL test but on isolated foreground lineages and shows that selection is generally stronger in each re-diversified clade relative to average selection estimated for background lineages.
However, the strength of selection on synonymous codon usage is expected to be weak relative to purifying selection against amino acid altering mutations.
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