An obituary last Sunday about Geoff Fisken, a World War II fighter pilot from New Zealand, misstated the relative time frames for Japan's 1941 bombing of Pearl Harbor and its invasion of Malaya.
With an accurate record of the history of these strains, and in the absence of any remaining basis for an externally based rate of divergence, we took the split between M66-2 (inolated in 1937) and N16961 (isolated in 1971) as the basis for assessing relative time frames.
Since Yue joined the military shortly after Zhou's death, a relative time frame can be given for when he died.
An attempt to decipher the relative time frame in which gene duplication events led to toxin divergence was next undertaken.
Here we compared estimates of the relative time of expansion (parameter τ), which allowed us to assess the relative time frame of population expansion for each species.
First, domestication can provide a unique opportunity to study the relative time frame over which evolutionary changes to reaction norms are possible.
The online program (http://www.compgen.uni-muenster.de/tools/tint/) uses the output from Repeatmasker, counts the number of nested transpositions, and estimates a relative time frame of activity for the selected types of SINEs (Additional file 1: Table S2).
TinT (transposition in transposition) is an algorithm that screens the genome for nested retroposon insertions (i.e., retroposons inserted within another retroposon) and calculates its relative time frame of activity based on the fact that old inactive retroposons cannot insert into younger active retroposons [ 34].
The IL-14α-TG reproduces the features of primary SS as seen in patients in the same relative time frame as humans, including autoantibodies, early destruction and infiltration of the salivary and lacrimal glands with lymphocytes, and eventually lymphoma [ 15, 16, 21].
Our data suggest that the relative time frame of inflammatory cell movement to and from sites of injury is similar for adult zebrafish and mammals, where neutrophils are attracted to the wound first through 'homing' from the circulation, followed by circulation-based or resident macrophages (Sadik et al., 2011; Yoo and Huttenlocher, 2011; Li et al., 2012).
Roseman: You also have to know fear is all relative to time frame, too, right?
