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As a rule of thumb, tested regions exhibit a relative concrete permittivity equal to or greater than 12.0 are interpreted as potentially deteriorated (Suh et al. 2000).
The two variables were formulated with respect to tube width-to-thickness ratio (b/t) and relative concrete compressive strength to yield strength of the steel tube (f′c/Fy).
A complete parametric study is performed using fiber analysis to determine the maximum moment (normalized by the nominal moment strength) and the axial load ratio at the maximum moment with respect to tube width-to-thickness ratio (b/t) and relative concrete compressive strength to yield strength of the steel tube (f′c/Fy).
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Moreover, reinforcing bars encased with shotcrete slip less, relative to concrete, than those encased with cast-in-place concrete because of the high compaction with which the mixture is placed.
The influences of various parameters such as anode-to-cathode (A/C) ratio, relative humidity, concrete resistivity, cover thickness on the corrosion control mode and corrosion rate of steel reinforcement in concrete structures were then investigated.
Their test results showed lower abrasion resistance of HVFA concretes relative to the concrete without FA.
Localised failure at the major crack eventually led to substantially reduced deformation capacity relative to concrete members.
Selective sparing of abstract relative to concrete words has been documented only exceptionally in aphasia, following bilateral temporal damage.
It should also be noted that our claims are only about whether endorsement of biological and psychological explanations was influenced by abstract descriptions relative to concrete descriptions.
The results revealed that the presence of FA at high levels of cement replacement increased the weight loss due to abrasion at all ages relative to concrete without FA.
Open image in new window Fig. 4 Variation of relative permittivity of concrete with concrete age before considering the effect of relative humidity of air: a linear and b logarithmic scale in the horizontal axis for concrete age.
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