In particular, the paper investigates whether and how differences over time in the patterns of use of organisational innovation are related to changes in the characteristics of the innovation in terms of its functionality and relative complementarity with other innovations, as well as to changes in the needs and capabilities of firms.
The relative complementarity value (say, of a place) is not the relative number of different species but the relative amount of the hierarchy of variation gained in that place.
For instance, in tissues from brain, eye or lung, the values for AT-less and AT-spike promoters appear to exhibit a relative complementarity to those from muscle, whereas the number of CG-spike promoters remains proportional to their relative values.
We highlight that key parameters for these policies are i) the relative complementarities between observable R&D investments, unobservable R&D inputs, and firm productivity, and ii) the dispersion and persistence of firm productivity.
Our data do clearly show a non-additive effect [28], although to what extent this effect is due to selection on particular genotypes relative to complementarity effects among genotypes is unknown.
Interdependency: This implies that the benefit of one decision is contingent on relative alignment or complementarity with other decisions made elsewhere in the company.
Sarkar and Margules (2002) discuss the role of biodiversity surrogates, arguing that even the relative concept of complementarity has a "conventional" element built into it because it relies on "estimator" surrogates (say, a set of butterfly species) for "true" surrogates (say, the use of species as the basis for assessing complementarity of places).
We further determined the relative contribution of complementarity (CE) and selection effects (SE) to the observed net biodiversity effect (ΔY) using the additive partition equation of [7].
As AMF effectively extend plant roots and increase resource acquisition, grasses that associate with distinct AMF may experience enhanced functional complementarity relative to other grasses.
To validate the predicted targets, which could in turn confirm the predicted novel miRNAs, we constructed a degradome library based on the miRNA-guided cleavage of the target between the 10th and 11th nt of complementarity relative to the guiding miRNA.
To measure the exposure levels of trastuzumab in tumor and non-tumor tissue sites, the relative amount of complementarity-determining region (CDR) analyte was estimated by using a laser capture micro-dissection system (LCM; LMD7000, Leica, Buffalo Grove, IL, USA) and LC-MS/MS system (LC; Nexera HPLC system, Shimadzu, Chestnut Ridge, NY, USA; MS; QTRAP 4500, AB SCIEX, Framingham, MA, USA).
