The relationship L = A π, which has been stated as a result for two variables, allows us to consider it as a definition for the logarithmic mean involving three or more arguments.
Therefore, if the relationship L s > d v cotθ m is satisfied, the cracked shear stiffness of the column can be approximately calculated by the CATM; whereas if L s ≤ d v cotθ m, the VATM should be applied.
It is often more practical to convert L into R binary bits using the relationship L = 2 R and refer to the unit of feedback resolution in terms of bits.
The Pterioidea(Ostreoidea/Pinnoidea) relationship (L = 333, CI = 0.52, RI = 0.52) was defined by two apomorphic characters: (1) the absence of the ciliated discs on gill filaments and (2) the clustering of ducts of the digestive diverticula.
It is noteworthy that the co-localization relationship l only applies to the candidate gene itself; whereas, both dysregulation d and functional similarity f relationships apply to intermediate genes as well.
The probabilistic maturation reaction norm (PMRN) parameters d, ν, and σ are also estimated from this data set, as described in Appendix B. (i) Coefficient p and exponent u of the length mass relationship l(X) = p X u.
