TLI was used as the baseline measure because of its relation to the average size of correlations among measured variables (Garson [2012b] b) and its relative independence of sample size (Marsh et al., [1988], [1996]).
Analysis of the average length of time in relation to the average length of time required by patients was performed using the paired t test.
The FWHM red of the frame averaging method was computed in relation to the average of 8 frames (see section 2.3).
These oriented patterns had an internal contrast of ∼60% in relation to the average luminance of the stimulus only, as the surrounding background was black.
Also the frequency of the genes in relation to the average lengths of the 5′- and 3′-end flanking region for all genes (supplementary fig. S4 A D, Supplementary Material online) and PSEP-encoding genes (supplementary fig. S4 E H, Supplementary Material online) revealed a similar pattern.
Sometimes called the "law of small numbers", Poisson distribution describes the probability of rare independent events in relation to the average frequency of the event.
"When you look at the U.S. in relation to the average of Europe, we are losing out," says Lowe. "We need a very strong R&D base to get stronger," he adds, pointing out that "R&D intensity and sales growth rate are related".
The first 6 time points, recorded at 5-min intervals, were used as baseline, and all points are shown in relation to the average of these 6 points.
CMI describes the complexity of cases managed by every hospital in relation to the average complexity of Italian hospitals.
