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A conditional serves to manifest the relation of consequence (akolouthia): it announces that its consequent follows from (akolouthein) its antecedent (Sextus Empiricus, Against the Logicians 2.110-112).
Is it the relation of consequence, construed as an abstract entity?
This relation of consequence was also commonly taken to manifest the relation between premises and conclusion in a valid argument.
The idea of the "objective connection of truths", based on the grounding relation of consequence [Abfolge] was the core of the project.
So for maximal propositions to serve as grounds for the relation of consequence, a transformation on the status of topical arguments (from probable to necessary) had to occur at a later stage (Stump 1982, 290).
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Once monotonicity is given up, the question arises: why call the relation of defeasible consequence a logical consequence relation at all?
Hence the relation of logical consequence on sentences is interestingly different from that of the relation of logical consequence on propositions, and there are at least two different, correct relations of logical consequence.
Given the minimal assumption that the relation of logical consequence is reflexive, that means that proposition expressed by a = b is a logical consequence of the proposition expressed by a = a, even though the sentence a = b is not a logical consequence of the sentence a = a.
Let ⊨ be a relation of logical consequence, defined either semantically or proof-theoretically.
The relation of circumscriptive consequence has all the desirable meta-logical properties.
Pluralists do not need to hold that every conceivable precisification of the GTT defines a relation of logical consequence.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com