Exact(5)
Thus, rewriting Ptolemy's formula as c/120 = sin B, where B = A/2, the relation expresses the half-chord as a function of the arc B that subtends it precisely the modern sine function.
Two closure relations are needed to predict these flow rates: the first closure relation expresses that the volume of solid injected into the airlift remains constant; the second closure relation expresses a global balance between the difference of column height in the riser and the downcomer and the total pressure drop in the airlift.
Thus, rewriting Ptolemy's formula as c/120 = sin B, where B = A/2, the relation expresses the half-chord as a function of the arc B that subtends it precisely the modern sine function.
A second relation expresses the continuity of mass i.e., if M is the mass of matter within a sphere of radius r, the mass added, ΔM, when encountering an increase in distance Δr through a shell of volume 4πr2Δr, equals the volume of the shell multiplied by the density, ρ.
The Lippmann's "solidus" relation expresses the total activity product at thermodynamic equilibrium (ΣΠeq) as a function of the solid composition, and the Lippmann's "solutus" relation is defined by expressing the total activity product at thermodynamic equilibrium (ΣΠeq) as a function of the aqueous solution composition.
Similar(55)
But the relation, expressed in the statement, has always an absolute meaning.
(2) The membership relation, expressed by ∊, can be grafted on to first-order logic; it gives rise to set theory.
An abstract argumentation system is a collection of "defeasible proofs", called arguments, that is partially ordered by a relation expressing the difference in conclusive force.
Where exchange-value refers to the quantitative value of a commodity implied in an exchange relation expressed in price, use-value refers to its qualitative utility from the point of view of meeting human needs.
The Prater relation, expressing the pellet temperature as a linear function of concentration, is used under two simplifying assumptions: (i) the Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are equal; or (ii) the surface concentration is invariant.
The evolution of twin interfaces is governed by field equations and jump conditions of momentum balance, and by a kinetic relation expressing the interface velocity as a function of the local driving traction and interfacial orientation.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com