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Examples such as those that have been canvassed show that it is neither necessary nor sufficient for a causal relation between two variables that one raise the chances of the other.
One of the most common of all is Pearson correlation coefficient, because when there is a linear relation between two variables, Pearson correlation coefficient shows a high sensitivity [10, 11, 12].
This correlation coefficient measures the monotonic relation between two variables and ranges from −1 to 1. Values of 1 or −1 mean that each variable is a perfect (increasing or decreasing) monotone function of the other.
High correlation coefficient value (i.e., −1 or 1) predicts a good relation between two variables and correlation coefficient value around zero (0) predicts no relationship between the two variables at a significant level of P < 0.05.
Because (r_mathrm{s}=-0.7) that there is a strong monotonic decreasing relation between two variables, and the Spearman analysis of PSO ((r_mathrm{s}=-0.8)) is presented in Fig. 9 where the monotonic relation is greater than the result recorded in ACO.
The path coefficient of greater than.30 reflects at least a moderate relation between two variables.
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RQ5: There is a monotonic decreasing relation between two variable groups, and (r_mathrm{s}) obtained from the Spearman is negative.
A lot of research works focus on the relations between two variables, X and Y.
Linear regression analyses were performed to examine the relations between two variables, controlling for age, and standardised β coefficients are reported.
The relation curve between two variables is usually an approximate straight line.
Based on self-report data the relations between three variables of parental impaired health and six psychosocial problems in teenagers were analyzed family wise by structural equation modeling.
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