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Temporal relation, association, and environmental and population equivalence suffice for a verdict of potential causation.
According to this procedure, epidemiologic evidence must be assessed concerning four aspects: temporal relation, association, environmental, and population equivalence.
Starting from epidemiologic evidence, four issues need to be addressed: temporal relation, association, environmental equivalence, and population equivalence.
A scientific dialogue of conjecture and refutation at first tries to dismiss the notion of a causal relation between agent/determinant A and disease D along the four issues "temporal relation," "association," "environmental equivalence," and "population equivalence".
Similar(54)
Health is not assessed primarily in terms of the dictionary denotation of health, but of its sense-relations (associations).
Health is primarily assessed in terms of its sense-relations (associations) and Comparative SRH and General SRH contain different information on SRH.
The aim was to identify potentially modifiable factors to prevent OH and OI-related faints, particularly in relation to association with prescribed medications, and inform further longitudinal studies in TILDA.
Mr Gazzawi's son in law has previously responded to reports of the FBI investigation, saying: "I have neither relation nor association with any of those bad people/criminals and the awful crime they did.
(vii) Relation defines association to other system parameter.
The positive relation between association and milk price (H1.4.2) on the other hand shows an expected positive influence of external economies of scale (joint access to market) on the firms' bargaining power.
The positive relation between association and firm size supports the hypothesis formulated (H1.4.3), and it can be explained by the relatively higher managerial skill and less conservative/individualistic attitude of larger firm owners.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com