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Carbon related defect.
Oxygen precipitates are one type of impurity related defect which can cause substantial lifetime and efficiency limitations in both n- and p-type Czochralski silicon solar cells.
This paper present an example of an abnormal power consumption process related defect which could only be detected with more advanced FA tools.
Benefiting from the abundant oxygen related defect and high content of pyridinic N and graphitic N, the resultant Co/MnO/N-C hybrid presents comparable ORR performance with positive half-wave potential of 0.822 V vs. RHE, high kinetic current density of 3.81 mA cm−2 and superior stability compare with the commercial Pt/C.
Age related defect of the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) plays a key role in osteoporosis.
Ozone, compared with H2O and oxygen plasma as oxidant precursors, has well-recognized advantages, such as higher reactivity,relatively easy purging, and good compatibility with batch processes, in addition to producing lower defect-state density, lower leakage current, and fewer OH and related defect statesin the resulting ALD films.
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Though the as-prepared Si NCs are likely to have an ultrathin native oxide layer, the size-dependent absorption and low energy of the absorption peak cannot be ascribed to oxide layer or the oxygen-related-defect states.
However, no Volkswagen vehicles, including the 2015 Tiguan, have been recalled for a Takata airbag-related defect.
It said it had not determined that a safety-related defect existed.
Standard recalls are made when a vehicle or its equipment does not comply with a federal safety standard or because of a safety-related defect.
In a recall, a manufacturer must acknowledge that a safety-related defect exists, then send owners a letter describing the defect and its risk.
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