This is compounded by the lack of clear social protection policies, and unclear donor policies on linking relief, rehabilitation, and development, which makes such programs unsustainable and likely to reinforce existing vulnerabilities in the long run.
In the context where social values and norms sustain and reinforce the vulnerability of women and girls, all the interventions that seek to lessen social vulnerability should actively promote women's rights, seek to empower them and help to overcome discriminatory barriers and gender inequalities.
"We seek to rush emergency aid that too often reinforces our vulnerabilities, wastes money, and undercuts sound principles," said Rep. Earl Blumenauer (D-Ore)., a vocal critic of federal disaster planning, in a statement to The Huffington Post this week.
But few doubted that it was linked to Mr. Ali's work as a state prosecutor in some of the most sensitive cases in the country, and his death reinforced the vulnerability of senior government officials who challenge Islamist militants and other powerful interests.
The social positioning of women being treated like a commodity also reinforces their vulnerability, leading to their continued exploitation.
The riskiest time of year to own the shares is traditionally in the run up to the third-quarter trading statement, and this year the intense pressure on US state budgets in key buying states like California and Florida will likely reinforce this potential vulnerability".
Furthermore, poverty and vulnerability reinforce each other in an escalating downward spiral.
Generally, there are two sets of conditions that can leave one vulnerable: "If you're already anxious and fearful and have a general feeling of not being safe," Touroni says, "a [traumatic incident] is likely to reinforce your pre-existing vulnerabilities".
These feelings diminish confidence and reinforce stereotypes of weakness, vulnerability, and inferiority (Cudd 2006, 163 165).
A prime aim of humanitarian operations should be to identify patterns of social resilience and vulnerability and reinforce local capacities rather than introduce foreign perceptions and foreign responses [ 19].
