These key structures are called modules, the existence of which contributes almost to every aspect of the cell regulation: robustness, sensitivity, adaptivity, evolvability.
Using the derived networks, we discuss the delayed regulations and robustness of the DNA damage seen in the bacterium.
In this paper, an approach is presented to design the sliding surface using principles of robust digital control so that both the regulation and robustness requirements can be satisfied.
These genes do not appear to be regulated in the heart 3 h set, potentially indicating differential regulation or robustness of light responsiveness for different clock genes in different tissues.
Highly satisfactory results are obtained, regarding dynamic behaviour, oxygen stoichiometry regulation and robustness against uncertainty.
Based on the Lyapunov-based linearization strategy, the saturation-type parameterized control design can reduce the effect of actuator subject to amplitude and rate constraints, and the integrated two-input control framework can ensure the asymptotic output regulation and robustness against unknown disturbances.
Of five different plate-readers tested, TECAN luminometers provided the best signal-to-noise ratio, temperature regulation and robustness in data acquisition.
An interesting hypothesis suggests that this effect can be explained by common transcriptional regulation conferring robustness to gene expression program and ensuring tissue identity.
Elementary flux modes formalize the concept of a biochemical pathway [ 15], and studying the modes associated with a given metabolic network has been shown to be effective for understanding its function, regulation, and robustness [ 16, 17].
It is shown however that this type of 'integral control' should rarely be expected to lead to the 'perfect adaptation': although the gene-expression regulation increases the robustness of important metabolite concentrations, it rarely makes them infinitely robust.
