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No function has yet been assigned to the COI 3′ UTR, but one possibility is in regulation of processing events due to antisense stabilization between H-strand and L-strand gene transcripts.
These associated proteins may be required for the Drosha processing of specific miRNA sequences/structures or involved in the differential regulation of processing through 1) prevention of abortive processing, 2) alteration of the miRNA hairpin structure, 3) enhanced recruitment or positioning of Drosha on the hairpin, or 4) increased RNA cleavage activity.
These observations indicate that processing of miRNAs is regulated and that regulation of processing can affect gene expressions.
We conclude that CD46 acts as a molecular rheostat to control human T cell activation through the regulation of processing of its cytoplasmic tails.
The increased resistance of the telomeric D-loop to branch migration and digestion might also have implications for tighter regulation of processing at the telomeres in vivo.
Interestingly, given the lack of detectable expression of the mature sequence in leaf or berry, miR482 precursors were detected at high levels both by Illumina and 454 sequencing, suggesting post-transcriptional regulation of processing of this transcript.
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In addition to the positive regulation of miRNA processing discussed above, negative regulation of the Drosha processing of some miRNAs has also been reported.
We first demonstrate the regulation of CD46 processing.
Another well characterized role of PRMTs is the regulation of RNA processing.
This suggests that the differential regulation of RNA processing genes in 35S ABF3 lines could contribute to its enhanced drought tolerance.
Another key enzyme involved in the regulation of the processing step from pre-miRNA to mature miRNA is Ago2.
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