Because of its established role in zinc regulation metal-responsive transcription factor-1 (Mtf1) was also added.
Because of its established role in zinc regulation metal-responsive transcription factor-1 (Mtf1) was also added to the component list.
In copper stress plus H2O2 pretreated plants, the increases in proline content also may be attribute to its a variety of functions e.g. osmo-regulation, redox-regulation and metal chelation.
Characterization of the function, regulation and metal-specificity of metal transporters is one of the basic steps needed for the understanding of transport and accumulation of toxic metals and metalloids by plants.
In the NAAT tobacco, the endogenous NA was consumed as a result of excessive produced NAAT, suggesting that NA play critical roles in the regulation of metal transfer in plants, and maintaining sufficient amount of NA is required for inner metal homeostasis.
It underlines the tight regulation of metal homeostasis in a widespread network consisting of various elements.
Metallothioneins are involved in the regulation of metal metabolism, especially zinc, which is important for insulin biosynthesis and storage, and they have potent antioxidant effects because their cysteine residues can capture harmful oxidant radicals [55].
In addition, MYB and bHLH transcription factors are also involved in the regulation of metal uptake and transport [ 40- 42].
Most of the candidate genes present in the QTL regions for mineral content were involved in signal transduction, signaling pathways via integral (also called intrinsic) membrane proteins, transcription regulation or metal ion binding.
According to USEPA regulation for metals using TCLP leaching test, the max concentration of heavy metals for Cd, Zn, Cr, Pb, and Ni should not exceed 1.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0 and 3.0 mg/l respectively.
