"At the same time, government regulations, contract law, courts and plaintiff's lawyers demand that certain words be used in order to be effective from a legal perspective".
Society tries to prevent unintended landscape change and thereby purposefully intervenes in landscape development by countless environmental regulations, contracts with landholders, agri-environmental schemes, landscape and nature reserves, food-related activities such as 'eat the view' and labels of origin.
Much more than the NHS, German commissioning relies on nationally-standardised regulations, contracts and legal entitlements, clearly-specified decision-making processes and participants in them, and allocations of decision-making powers among particular institutions.
For competitive health markets to work effectively however, they need to be regulated through law, regulation, or contracts, and in most high-income countries relatively well-established market regulation mechanisms exist and are enforced [ 2, 3].
But that is a matter of regulation, not contract, and in any case arguing it simply made a mistake could again be made in mitigation.
There is another way to see it: that absent government regulation, a contract between an individual borrower and a global bank is apt to be a lopsided affair, because of the parties' grossly unequal information.
Professor Verstein's research focuses on financial regulation and contract law.
"Right now," he said, "the officially recognized agencies are very deeply embedded in financial regulation, investment contracts and rules".
They should have a remit to take on the delivery of transport policy, including the regulation and contracting of bus markets where the private sector is failing to deliver an adequate service.
The economic environment here is one that's supportive of starting a business: reasonable taxes and regulation, enforceable contracts and a highly motivated, well-educated workforce.
