These elements function in gene regulation and sequence variation in pathogenic Neisseria [14], [15].
We also compared regulation and sequence divergence for genes with more than one predicted ortholog.
That study thus indicate a less dramatic divergence of regulation and sequence than what we report here, however, their study was based on direct comparisons of expression changes in equivalent tissues while our analysis was based on comparisons of co-expression partners inferred across tissues and conditions.
Crucially, however, the convergence with informatics implies that open source models are integral to the interpretation of processes of gene expression and regulation and sequences that can be cut, spliced and transcribed in different ways.
In contrast to previous work that focused on the results of the subsequent clustering, they directly evaluated the detected candidate interactions in terms of their confirmation with experimental interaction data like protein-protein interactions, KEGG pathway membership, promoter co-regulation, and sequence homology.
Daphnia genes with such potential functions based on sequence homologies included 19 sequences involved in transcription regulation and 14 sequences with translational regulator activity (Additional file 2).
Additionally, haploinsufficiency showed negative relationships with cell cycle regulation and promoter sequence conservation.
The location of SNP rs1800468 in the promoter genomic region (5'UTR) suggests that it may play a role in gene regulation and signal sequence.
Based on the conservation of binding events, regulation and key sequence motifs, we predict that our model is universal for proteins with LapD-like architecture, which includes receptors that signal in the opposite direction ('outside-in') by translating environmental signals emerging in the periplasm into changes in DGC and/or PDE activity in their cytoplasmic GGDEF and EAL domains, respectively.
Overall, 87 sequences were annotated with a molecular function term (these mostly related to binding and catalytic activity), 82 sequences with biological process term (mostly relating to metabolic processes, cellular processes, and biological regulation), and 83 sequences with a cellular component term (mostly cell and organelle; see Additional file 4: Figure S3 for details).
Of course, gene duplication on its own does not create much novelty, but these duplicates diverge over time, with respect to both their regulation and their sequences.
